The screenshots show it’s not just a rating, you can add text to them. Am I misunderstanding you?

Have you tried Piper?

I was using Plexamp for a while but now I’ve mostly converted my library to OPUS so I can fit it all on my phone. I have a script to automatically copy the directory structure/artwork and convert from my main FLAC library, and keep it in sync with my phone using syncthing. I use Musicolet for playback. If your library is bigger or you don’t have much free space then this is of course not an option, but it works for me.

Not sure about Jellyfin, but Plex would transcode to a format supported by the client yes.